Dandruff is a scalp disorder in which tiny flakes of dry skin fall off. You can detect flakes in your hair or on your shoulders if you have dark hair or are wearing dark colours. Dandruff is not caused by inadequate hygiene, as many people believe. Although regular shampooing can make dandruff more noticeable, researchers are currently looking into the causes, which appear to be complicated.Seborrheic dermatitis, allergic responses, psoriasis, and eczema are only a few of the possible causes. One of the reasons of seborrheic dermatitis is an allergic reaction to Malassezia, a yeast found on the scalp.

The age of a person, the weather, stress levels, medical issues, and hair product choice are all factors that raise the likelihood of developing dandruff. Although poor hygiene isn’t a cause, if a person doesn’t wash or brush their hair frequently, the flakes may be more obvious. Dandruff can make people feel self-conscious, but there is treatment.

It’s a good idea to contact a doctor if dandruff and itching are severe and persistent, or if the symptoms worsen. They might find an underlying issue that responds to a particular treatment.

Various over-the-counter products can assist manage flaking and irritation in mild dandruff that isn’t caused by anything specific.
Individuals should remove as many scaly or crusty regions from their scalp as possible before using an anti-dandruff shampoo. The shampoo will be more effective as a result.

Remove any loose scales or flakes with a comb or hairbrush before washing with a medicated shampoo. Take care not to irritate the issue by removing patches or plaques too vigorously.

Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by flaking, itching, and irritation of the scalp. While the exact cause of dandruff is not fully understood, it is believed to result from a combination of factors, including an overgrowth of a yeast-like fungus called Malassezia, sebum (skin oil) production, and individual susceptibility.

Effective management of dandruff typically involves a combination of medicated shampoos, scalp treatments, and lifestyle modifications. Medicated shampoos containing active ingredients such as ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione are commonly recommended to help reduce scalp inflammation, control fungal growth, and alleviate flaking and itching.

In addition to medicated shampoos, regular scalp hygiene practices, such as gentle cleansing with a mild shampoo and thorough rinsing, can help remove excess oil, dirt, and dead skin cells from the scalp, reducing the risk of dandruff flare-ups. Avoiding harsh hair care products, minimizing stress, and maintaining a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals can also contribute to scalp health and reduce dandruff symptoms.

For individuals with persistent or severe dandruff, consultation with a dermatologist or healthcare provider may be beneficial to determine the underlying cause and explore additional treatment options. In some cases, prescription-strength medicated shampoos or topical corticosteroids may be prescribed to help manage symptoms and reduce scalp inflammation.